Guides / Glossary

Glossary

Plain-English definitions for the terms that show up across the guides. New to a word? Look it up here, then follow the link to learn more.

Testnet terms, A to Z

TermWhat it means
AddressWhere coins are sent. Testnet addresses use different prefixes from mainnet, so you cannot mix them up. See the coin guides.
Address poisoningA scam where someone sends a tiny amount from a look-alike address so it lands in your history, hoping you reuse it by mistake. Verify the full address. See staying safe.
Atomic swapA trade of one coin for another across two chains, with no custodian. It either completes fully or refunds both sides. See how swaps work.
BackupA copy of your seed phrase kept offline, so you can restore a wallet if a device is lost. See keys, seeds, and backups.
BlockA batch of transactions added to the chain. Its depth in the chain is what gives you confirmations.
Block explorerA search engine for a blockchain. Paste an address, transaction, or block to see what the network recorded. See reading the chain.
BroadcastSending a signed transaction out to the network so miners can include it. See broadcasting a raw transaction.
Coinbase maturityThe rule that a freshly mined block reward cannot be spent until 100 more blocks are mined on top of it. See Bitcoin regtest.
ConfirmationA block mined on top of your transaction. More confirmations mean it is harder to reverse. See how confirmations work.
CPFPChild Pays For Parent. Spending a stuck transaction's output with a new high-fee child so miners take both. See stuck transactions.
Derivation pathThe map (like m/84'/1'/0') that tells an HD wallet which key to derive from the seed. The 1' slot means testnet. See keys and seeds.
DustA UTXO so small that spending it would cost more in fees than it is worth.
FaucetA service that gives away free testnet coins so you have something to experiment with. See getting coins.
Fee rateThe fee per unit of transaction size (sat/vB on Bitcoin and Litecoin). Miners pick the highest rates first. See how fees work.
HD walletHierarchical deterministic wallet. One seed phrase generates an endless tree of keys and addresses. See keys and seeds.
HTLCHash Time-Locked Contract. The mechanism behind Bitcoin and Litecoin atomic swaps: coins locked behind a secret, with a refund deadline.
MainnetThe real network, where coins have actual value. Testnets are separate practice copies. See what a testnet is.
MempoolThe waiting area of broadcast but unconfirmed transactions. Miners choose from it by fee rate.
MiningCreating new blocks (and coins) by solving a proof-of-work puzzle. See mining testnet coins.
MWEBMimbleWimble Extension Blocks. Litecoin's optional confidential transactions, where amounts are hidden. See the Litecoin guide.
NodeSoftware that validates the chain and can broadcast transactions. See running a node.
OP_RETURNA transaction output that carries up to about 80 bytes of arbitrary data and is provably unspendable, used to write a short message or proof onto the chain. See broadcasting a raw transaction.
Peg-in / peg-outMoving Litecoin into the MWEB extension block (peg-in) or back out to the transparent chain (peg-out). See the Litecoin guide.
PhishingTricking you into revealing a seed phrase or key, often through a fake wallet or faucet site. A real service never needs your seed. See staying safe.
Private keyThe secret number that controls coins. Whoever knows it can spend, so never share it or reuse a real one on testnet. See keys and seeds.
Proof of workThe puzzle miners race to solve to add a block. It secures the network and issues new coins. See mining.
Public keyDerived from the private key, one way only. Your address comes from it, and it is safe to share. See keys and seeds.
RBFReplace-By-Fee. Rebroadcasting a stuck transaction as a higher-fee replacement. See stuck transactions.
RegtestA private local chain where you mine blocks on demand and confirmations are instant, ideal for automated tests. See Bitcoin regtest.
ReorgA short reorganization of recent blocks. It is why shallow confirmations are less safe. See confirmations.
Ring signatureMonero's way of hiding the sender by mixing the real input with decoys. See the Monero guide.
RPCRemote Procedure Call. The interface for driving a node with commands. Keep it private. See RPC safety.
Seed phraseA list of words (a BIP39 mnemonic, usually 12 or 24) that backs up an entire wallet. Anyone with it controls the coins. See keys and seeds.
SegWitSegregated Witness, the common modern address format. Native SegWit addresses start with bc1q (or tb1q on testnet) and cost less in fees. See keys and seeds.
SignetA Bitcoin testnet whose blocks are signed by a coordinator, so it is calm and predictable. See the Bitcoin guide.
StagenetMonero's network that mimics mainnet closely, best for integration testing. See the Monero guide.
Stealth addressMonero's one-time address for each payment, so the recipient is not linkable on-chain. See the Monero guide.
TaprootThe newest Bitcoin address type, starting with bc1p (or tb1p on testnet), giving better privacy and richer spending conditions. See keys and seeds.
TestnetA practice network with worthless coins but real protocols. See what a testnet is.
UTXOUnspent Transaction Output. The distinct "coins" a Bitcoin or Litecoin balance is made of. See understanding UTXOs.
View keyA Monero key you can share to let someone see incoming funds without being able to spend them. See the Monero guide.
WIFWallet Import Format, a compact text encoding of a single private key. Testnet WIFs differ from mainnet ones. See keys and seeds.

Still stuck on a term? The guides explain each of these in context, and the FAQ covers the most common beginner questions.